There were a few pure historicals after the introduction of the Meddling Monk but the last until Black Orchid was The Highlanders in Troughton's first season. As you and Viv observe though the so-called "celebrity historical" is very much a NuWho thing.
Thinking about it, there are actually a bunch of them - Marco Polo, The Crusade, The Myth Makers, The Gunfighters... not to mention ones with famous historical people more tangential to what the Doctor and co are doing (e.g., The Reign of Terror and The Massacre). I suppose, though, only Marco Polo really focuses on a single historical figure, played by a high profile guest actor, and structures the story around show-casing that figure in the way many of the modern celebrity historicals do.
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